Matplotlib：tick_params

tick_params 语法

Axes.tick_params(axis=‘both’, **kwargs)

参数：

• axis : {‘x’, ‘y’, ‘both’} Axis on which to operate; default is ‘both’. reset : bool If True, set all parameters to defaults before processing other keyword arguments. Default is False.
• which : {‘major’, ‘minor’, ‘both’} Default is ‘major’; apply arguments to which ticks.
• direction : {‘in’, ‘out’, ‘inout’} Puts ticks inside the axes, outside the axes, or both.
• length : float Tick length in points.
• width : float Tick width in points.
• color : color Tick color; accepts any mpl color spec.
• pad : float Distance in points between tick and label.
• labelsize : float or str Tick label font size in points or as a string (e.g., ‘large’).
• labelcolor : color Tick label color; mpl color spec.
• colors : color Changes the tick color and the label color to the same value: mpl color spec.
• zorder: float Tick and label zorder.
• bottom, top, left, right : bool or {‘on’, ‘off’} controls whether to draw the respective ticks.
• labelbottom, labeltop, labelleft, labelright : bool or {‘on’, ‘off’} controls whether to draw the respective tick labels.
• labelrotation : float Tick label rotation

参数axis

参数axis的值为 ’ x’、‘y’、‘both’，分别代表设置X轴、Y轴以及同时设置，默认值为’both’。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.subplot(131)
plt.tick_params(axis='x',width=4,colors='red')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.tick_params(axis='y',width=4,colors='red')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.tick_params(axis='both',width=4,colors='red')

plt.show()

参数 which

参数which的值为 'major'、'minor'、'both'，分别代表设置主刻度线、副刻度线以及同时设置，默认值为'major'

首先开启副刻度线`plt.minorticks_on()`

plt.subplot(131)
plt.minorticks_on()
plt.tick_params(which='major',width=2,colors='r')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.minorticks_on()
plt.tick_params(which='minor',width=2,colors='r')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.minorticks_on()
plt.tick_params(which='both',width=2,colors='r')

plt.show()

参数direction

direction的值为'in'、'out'、'inout'，分别代表刻度线显示在绘图区内侧、外侧以及同时显示

        plt.subplot(131)
        plt.minorticks_on()
        plt.tick_params(direction='in', width=2, length=4, colors='r')

        plt.subplot(132)
        plt.minorticks_on()
        plt.tick_params(direction='out', width=2, length=4, colors='r')

        plt.subplot(133)
        plt.minorticks_on()
        plt.tick_params(direction='inout', width=2, length=4, colors='r')

        plt.show()

    ![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190924192705350.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0hIRzIwMTcxMjI2,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)

参数 length和width

参数length和width分别用于设置刻度线的长度和宽度

plt.subplot(121)
plt.tick_params(width=4, colors='red')

plt.subplot(122)
plt.tick_params(length=10,colors='red')

plt.show()

参数 pad

参数pad用于设置刻度线与标签间的距离

plt.subplot(121)
plt.tick_params(pad=1, colors='red')

plt.subplot(122)
plt.tick_params(pad=10,colors='red')

plt.show()

参数color、labelcolor、colors

参数color、labelcolor、colors分别用于设置刻度线的颜色、刻度线标签的颜色以及同时设置刻度线及标签颜色

plt.subplot(131)
plt.tick_params(width=4,color='r')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.tick_params(width=4,labelcolor='r')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.tick_params(width=4,colors='r')

plt.show()

参数 labelsize

参数labelsize用于设置刻度线标签的字体大小

plt.subplot(131)
plt.tick_params(labelsize='medium')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.tick_params(labelsize='large')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.tick_params(labelsize=15)

plt.show()

参数bottom, top,left, right

参数bottom, top, left, right的值为布尔值，分别代表设置绘图区四个边框线上的的刻度线是否显示

plt.subplot(131)
plt.tick_params(bottom=False,top=True,width=4,colors='r')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.tick_params(left=False,right=True,width=4,colors='r')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.tick_params(top=True,right=True,width=4,colors='r')

参数labelbottom,labeltop, labelleft, labelright

参数labelbottom, labeltop, labelleft, labelright的值为布尔值，分别代表设置绘图区四个边框线上的刻度线标签是否显示

plt.subplot(131)
plt.tick_params(labelbottom=False,labeltop=True,width=4,colors='r')

plt.subplot(132)
plt.tick_params(labelleft=False,labelright=True,width=4,colors='r')

plt.subplot(133)
plt.tick_params(labeltop=True,labelright=True,width=4,colors='r')

参数 labelrotation

标签旋转

plt.subplot(121)
plt.tick_params(axis="x",labelrotation=60)

plt.subplot(122)
plt.tick_params(axis="x",labelrotation=-60)